Many risks were present while operating seagoing bulk vessels. The safety of sea-going bulk carriers is a matter of careful plan. This site is designed to serve as a guide for shipping organizations around the world. It provides details and guidance on loading and unloading bulk cargo types. The site should remain within the limits set by the classification society. It is essential to make sure that the ship's structure is not strained and that all safety precautions are taken in order to ensure the safety of passage in the ocean. There are pages with details that cover various topics concerning bulk carriers. These are useful both for passengers onboard as well as those who are ashore at the terminal.
General characteristics of seagoing bulk carrier
Bulk carriers come with only one deck and comprise top-side and hopper tanks. They can transport bulk cargo, which is a single item. Any material that is not gas or liquid but is bulk solid cargo, which includes any material made up of mix of granules and/or mixtures, or any other substance with an identical composition. It can be put directly into the cargo space of a vessel and doesn't require container. Examples of dry cargo are grain, sugar and bulk ores. In the broadest sense of the word, the term bulk carrier embraces all ships designed primarily to carry solid or liquid cargo in bulk form, and so would include tankers. The term"bulk carrier" is used in normal usage to describe vessels that are designed to transport solid bulk cargos. They include grains, similar agricultural products, and minerals such as coal ore, and stone on one or more voyage legs. Have a look at this bulkers info for more.
What Is A Bulk Transport?
"A ship which is intended primarily to carry dry cargo in bulk, including such types as ore carriers and combination carriers"
Carrying capacity ranges from 3,000 to 300,000 tonnes
Average speed of 12-15 knots
-Single deck ships, ie no tweendecks
Small to medium size bulk (carrying capacities of between 40 to 60,000 tonnes) typically have cargo handling gear. However, larger vessels can use shore-based -facilities to load or unload.
-Cargo holds are often big and clear of obstructions. Large hatch sizes make it easy for loading/unloading.
The bulk carriers typically have one cargo hold dedicated as the ballast storage. It can also be used to increase stability during ballast journeys. You may also be permitted to ballast part of the way, however this is only allowed for port.
They can be used for single-pull or hydraulic covers, or stacking (piggy back) steel hatch covers.
Ballast tanks of different types
Sloping topside wing tanks
Tanks with a sloping bottom
Double bottom tanks
Peak and post peak ballast water tanks
What is solid bulk cargo? Solid bulk cargo means any material other than gases or liquids comprised of particles, grains, or larger pieces, and can be loaded directly into the cargo space without any additional container. Bulk carriers can transport various cargoes comprising "clean" food items and "dirty", minerals, as well as cargoes that may interact with each other or other contaminants like water. It is crucial to ensure that cargo spaces are ready for the specific item. To load the cargo, it is important to clean the area properly. A surveyor may be required to ensure that the space is ready for loading. To avoid contamination, it is essential to eliminate any leftovers from a previous cargo. The damage to bulk cargoes occurs mostly due to water. The storage areas are required to be dry for the transport of cargo. But hatch covers should be watertight, or sealed if necessary to keep water out. All fittings in the holds (pipe guards, bilge covers etc.) must be checked. You must inspect each fitting in the hold (ladders,pipe guards,bilge covers...) to ensure that they are in good functioning order. If they're not correctly installed, these pieces of equipment may cause severe damages to conveyor systems which can lead to delays. Click over to this dry cargo vessel specialist for more.
Bulk Carrier, Bulker The vessel is designed to transport dry cargo. The conventional bulk carrier is built with only a single deck, one skin and double bottom. It also has hopper side tanks and topside tanks that are located in cargo areas. Bulk carriers can carry any type or bulk cargo from heavy to light grain, up to their maximum deadweight. The process of loading, carrying and the release of dry bulk cargo can be more complex than many people imagine.
Gearless Bulk Carrier
Certain bulk cargoes can be dangerous and can be altered during passage. The ship may be damaged due to improper loading e.g. It is possible for the ship to bow when it is not loaded properly. This can cause the ship to stress. This can lead to life-threatening consequences at sea, especially during bad weather. Remains of previous cargoes may affect the cargoes that follow. Water damage can also have a devastating effects on certain bulk cargoes e.g. cement power. It's not always simple to verify the exact weights of cargoes that have been loaded or removed. Each of these aspects have a serious consequence on the procedures for the safe carriage of bulk cargoes. Discharging bulk cargo using? bulk cargoes can create a cone when they are loaded onto conveyor belts. The angle that is created by the cone is referred to as the 'angle of repose'. It is different from one cargo to the next. Iron ore cargoes, on the other hand are formed by an angle that is steeply-angled. Cargoes whose flow is unimpeded will form smaller cones. The cargo with an angle that is low to rest is more prone to shifting during passage. Bulldozers might need to be utilized with certain items to distribute the load across the sides of the hold as the cargo is close to completion. Many dry-bulk carriers are dependent on shoreside facilities for discharge and loading of cargo. However, bulk carriers may offer self-unloading with conveyors under the cargo holds or on decks.